Sopwith Triplane Typhoon

Armstrong Whitworth (Aerial Dept.) Low Volume Production

For a description of the format and data included in Production Tables, see here.

This page covers Armstrong Whitworth (Aerial Dept.) aircraft with low production volumes and/or registration/serial allocations. For higher volume production, see the individual type Production Details.

Type Description and Production Data

F.K.1 F.K.5 F.K.6 F.M.4 Armadillo Ara
F.K.1
Single seat, single-bay unstaggered tractor biplane fighter (though originally concieved as a monoplane), of mixed wood and steel construction, with a fabric covered square section box girder fuselage. The fuselage terminated in a horizontal knife edge, with divided elevators but no fixed horizontal tailplane, but a small fixed tailplane was fitted after testing. Likewise, the original constant chord ailerons were replaced with inverse tapered ones of larger area. One 50 h.p. Gnôme powerplant.

F.K.1 Specification
Span Length Height Wing Area Empty Wt Max AUW Cruise Speed Maximum Speed Range Service Ceiling
26 ft 11 in 24 ft 3 in 10 ft 2 in 75 mph/ 65 kn
8.2 m 7.39 m 3.1 m 121 km/h

Production Details
Serial Range C/n Batch
Qty
Conv. Canc'd Notes
 1 aircraft built by Armstrong Whitworth, Gosforth.
 none    1      
Total Production 1

F.K.5 (See note 1)
Three seat single bay escort fighter triplane, the centre wing was nearly twice the span of the equal span upper and lower wings and was located at mid level to the slender fuselage immediately behind the engine, the wide gap to upper and lower wings requiring them to be attached to the fuselage by a series of struts. The two gunners nacelles were mounted above the centre wing. The undercarrige consisted of a single centrally placed shock absorbing strut terminating in two closely spsced wheels, with a small wheel under each wingtip for stability. The tail was supported by long struts attached to the fuelage just aft of the wing. One 250 h.p. Rolls-Royce Eagle powerplant with a four bladed propeller.
Production Details
Serial Range C/n Batch
Qty
Conv. Canc'd Notes
 1 aircraft built by Armstrong Whitworth, Gosforth.
 none    1      Not flown.
Total Production 1

F.K.6 (See note 1)
Three seat two bay escort fighter triplane derived from the earlier F.K.5. Overall dimensions were larger, but the overhang of the centre was now less pronounced. The centre wing was now attached directly to the fuelage upper longerons, the fuelage itself now much deeper, allowing the lower wing to be attached to the lower longerons. The gunners nacelles were moved to be below the centre wing. A more conventional undercarriage was fitted, consisting or two pairs of mainwheels attached to the intersection of the fuselage with the lower mainplane leading edge, which resulted in a very narrow track, with a supporting tailskid attached to the rudder post. One 250 h.p. Rolls-Royce Eagle powerplant with a four bladed propeller.

F.K.6 Specification
Span Length Height Wing Area Empty Wt Max AUW Cruise Speed Maximum Speed Range Service Ceiling
62 ft 37 ft 17 ft
18.9 m 11.28 m 5.18 m

Production Details
Serial Range C/n Batch
Qty
Conv. Canc'd Notes
 4 aircraft ordered from Armstrong Whitworth, Gosforth, to Contract 87/A/328, dated 25 March 1916. One built, remainder cancelled.
 7838    1      
 7839 - 7841        3  
Total Production 1 3

F.M.4 Armadillo
Single seat, two-bay biplane fighter with a square section fuselage to meet Air Board Specification A.2(a). The fuselage, a simple wire braced box girder with ply side panels, filled the gap between the wings. The position and shape of the cockpit broke the continuity of the upper longerons, consequently the forward fuselage embodied duralumin girders of channel section; these also bore the fuel and oil tanks, along with the pilot's seat. The equal span wings were of unequal chord, with slight stagger to the leading edge, dihedral on the lower wing only, and featured ailerons on both upper and lower wings. The twin Vickers machine guns werre completely enclosed in a fairing above the deep engine cowling, leaving poor forward and downward visibility for the pilot. One 230 h.p. Bentley BR2 powerplant.

F.M.4 Armadillo Specification
Span Length Height Wing Area Empty Wt Max AUW Cruise Speed Maximum Speed Endurance Service Ceiling
27 ft 9 in 18 ft 10 in 8 ft 7 in 232 sq ft 1250 lb 1860 lb 125 mph/ 109 kn 2-3/4 hr 24000 ft
8.46 m 5.74 m 2.62 m 21.55 m2 567 kg 844 kg 201 km/h 7315 m

Production Details
Serial Range C/n Batch
Qty
Conv. Canc'd Notes
 2 aircraft built by Armstrong Whitworth, Gosforth, under License No.18. First flew April 1918.
 X19 - X20    1    1  Only X19 completed
Total Production 1 1

Ara
Single seat, two-bay biplane fighter to meet RAF Specification Type 1. The slab sided fuselage was flat at the bottom, but featured a curved upper coaming above the upper longerons forward of the tailplane. The unequal chord wings featured stagger on both leading and trailing edges, both sets of mainplanes having slight dihedral. Very small ailerons were provided to both upper and lower mainplanes. Unlike the Armadillo, the upper mainplane was raised above the fuselage to the level of the pilots eyes. On the first aircraft the lower wing was attached directly to the lower longerons, but the second machine had increased wing gap, with the fuselage mounted between the wings. One 320 h.p. ABC Dragonfly powerplant.

Ara Specification
Span Length Height Wing Area Empty Wt Max AUW Cruise Speed Maximum Speed Range Service Ceiling
41 ft 9 in 27 ft 8 in 11 ft 7 in 433 sq ft 1803 lb 2707 lb 108 mph/ 94 kn 18000 ft
12.73 m 8.43 m 3.53 m 40.23 m2 818 kg 1228 kg 174 km/h 5486 m

Production Details
Serial Range C/n Batch
Qty
Conv. Canc'd Notes
 2 aircraft built by Armstrong Whitworth, Gosforth, to Contract 35a/1221/C1134, dated 5 August 1918. First flew late 1918.
 F4971 - F4973    2    1  F4973 not completed
Total Production 2 1

Notes

  1. Often referred to as the F.K.12 first and second prototypes, Tapper [1] concludes that these were most likely the F.K.5 and F.K.6.

Production References

  1. Armstrong Whitworth Aircraft Since 1913, Oliver Tapper (Putnam, 1973)
  2. The Aeroplanes of the Royal Flying Corps, J.M. Bruce (Putnam, 1982)
  3. Contract ledger in AIR 20/761 via http://www.airhistory.org.uk/rfc/aircraft.html

Page Revision History

Revised at Version 2.0.0
  • Added Type Description and Specification details.